Gurgling Intestines : Causes, Symptoms and Why it Happens

Stomach growling, or borborygmi, occurs when air and fluids move through the digestive tract during digestion. Around 20% of people encounter frequent noises, frequently due to hunger, gas, or undigested food.

Eating too quickly or skipping meals can make sounds louder, while stress or food sensitivities might also play a part. Simple fixes like chewing thoroughly or staying hydrated can help. Those interested in quieting their gut can investigate more ways to ease the rumbles.

Stomach Growling

Ever marveled why your stomach makes those embarrassing noises during a quiet meeting or an initial date? Those gurgles, known as borborygmi, are often just the sound of digestion at work. When food moves through the intestines, air and fluids get pushed around, creating noise. But sometimes, poor food digestion plays a role. If meals aren’t broken down properly, gas builds up, making sounds louder.

Bacteria production in the gut also contributes—helpful microbes ferment undigested food, releasing gas as a byproduct. About 20% of people experience frequent stomach growling, often harmless. Yet, louder or persistent noises may signal sluggish digestion. Eating too fast or skipping meals can trigger it, leaving the gut to process emptiness noisily.

Staying hydrated and chewing thoroughly helps. While awkward, these sounds usually mean the body is doing its job—just not always quietly. Comprehending the science behind it can ease worries and help others feel less alone when their stomach speaks up.

Common Causes of Noisy Intestines

While stomach growling is usually harmless, noisy intestines can sometimes point to inherent issues that make digestion louder than normal. Dietary habits often play a key role—eating too quickly, consuming gas-producing foods like beans or carbonated drinks, or skipping meals can all lead to increased intestinal noise. About 20% of people experience frequent digestive sounds due to these choices.

Gastrointestinal issues, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or food intolerances, might also cause persistent gurgling as the gut struggles to process certain foods. Even stress can speed up digestion, creating more movement and sound. For those caring for others, recognizing these triggers helps in providing comfort.

Simple adjustments, like chewing slowly or identifying problem foods, often alleviate the noise. If sounds come with pain or bloating, consulting a healthcare provider guarantees deeper issues aren’t overlooked.

Hunger and Its Role in Stomach Sounds

Hunger signals digestion by activating the stomach and intestines, even as they are void. These movements create the familiar growling sounds as air and fluids shift through the digestive tract.

The brain triggers these noises as a reminder to eat, linking hunger to audible bodily cues.

Hunger Signals Digestion

As the stomach remains vacant, it ceases not to emit those recognizable rumbling sounds referred to as borborygmi. These noises signal more than just hunger—they reflect the body’s preparation for digestion.

When empty, the stomach and intestines increase bowel motility, contracting to clear leftover debris and make room for incoming food. This process guarantees efficient nutrient absorption later. Around 35% of people experience louder growls when hungry, as the digestive tract amplifies its activity.

Though often linked to hunger, these sounds also remind us of the body’s constant work to maintain balance. Comprehension of this helps caregivers recognize normal digestive patterns, offering reassurance when these noises arise. The body’s signals, though sometimes noisy, serve a crucial purpose in sustaining health.

Empty Stomach Noises

The familiar growling and gurgling of an empty stomach—often called hunger pangs—aren’t just reminders to eat. These stomach rumblings, scientifically known as borborygmi, occur when the digestive tract contracts to clear out leftover food, air, and fluids.

Intestinal grumbles are louder when the stomach is empty because there’s less to muffle the sound. About 35% of people experience them daily, often before meals. Though sometimes embarrassing, these noises are normal and signal the body’s preparation for digestion.

Staying hydrated or eating small, frequent meals can help quiet them. Comprehending these sounds reassures those who hear them, whether in a quiet room or while caring for others. It’s a natural process, not a cause for worry.

Brain Triggers Growling

Ever ponder why stomach growling appears to commence precisely as it is least favorable? The brain gut connection plays a key role, with neurotransmitter regulation signaling hunger cues. When the brain senses low energy, it triggers contractions in the digestive tract, creating those unmistakable rumbles.

  • Ghrelin Surge: This “hunger hormone” spikes, alerting the brain to eat.
  • Vagus Nerve Activity: Links gut and brain, amplifying growls during emptiness.
  • Stress Impact: Anxiety can heighten sounds by speeding up digestion.
  • Timing Tricks: Missed meals? The brain ramps up signals, making noise unavoidable.
  • Hydration Clue: Thirst mimics hunger, confusing the brain into triggering growls.

About 60% of people experience louder growls when stressed, while 45% notice them most in tranquil settings. Comprehension of these triggers helps caregivers anticipate needs, ensuring comfort for those they serve.

How Digestion Triggers Gurgling Noises

Why do stomachs growl even though not famished? The digestive process is always at work, breaking down food and moving it through the intestines. Whenever someone isn’t hungry, muscles in the gut contract to mix food, liquids, and digestive juices, creating gurgling sounds. These noises, known as borborygmi, are a normal part of digestion.

The gut microbiome also plays a role. Trillions of bacteria help digest food, producing gases and fluids that shift as the intestines push everything forward. Approximately 20% of people experience frequent gurgling due to their unique gut activity. While often harmless, these sounds can be louder if digestion speeds up or slows down.

Understanding these noises reassures caregivers and those they serve. Recognizing them as part of a healthy digestive system helps reduce unnecessary worry. Simple steps, like eating slowly, can ease excessive gurgling without disrupting daily life.

Gas and Its Impact on Intestinal Sounds

How much does gas really contribute to those rumbling intestinal sounds? Gas plays a significant role in amplifying digestive noises, especially as trapped or moving through the intestines. While some gurgling is normal, excessive gas can heighten bloating concerns and create louder, more frequent sounds. Dietary influence is a key factor—certain foods like beans, dairy, or carbonated drinks increase gas production, while others, like fiber-rich options, help regulate digestion.

Gas Movement: Air pockets shifting through the intestines create gurgles, especially after meals.

Bloating Impact: Excess gas stretches the intestines, making sounds more noticeable.

Food Choices: Fermentable carbs (like onions or broccoli) produce more gas during digestion.

Swallowed Air: Eating too quickly or chewing gum introduces extra air, worsening noises.

Hydration Help: Drinking water aids digestion, reducing gas buildup and softening sounds.

Understanding these factors helps caregivers and individuals manage discomfort while maintaining digestive health. Small dietary adjustments can ease bloating concerns without eliminating essential nutrients.

When Stomach Growling Signals a Problem

While stomach growling is often harmless, persistent or unusually loud noises could indicate more than hunger. Excessive gas production or digestive imbalances can amplify these sounds, sometimes signaling underlying conditions like IBS or food intolerances.

Recognizing if noises accompany discomfort helps distinguish normal digestion from potential health concerns.

Hunger vs. Digestive Issues

  • Hunger pangs are louder and occur when the stomach is empty for hours.
  • Digestive troubles could cause frequent noises, even after meals.
  • Food intolerances can trigger excessive gurgling, like lactose or gluten sensitivity.
  • Hydration is key—dehydration slows digestion, amplifying sounds.
  • Smaller meals reduce strain on the gut, easing noise.

About 20% of people experience chronic digestive discomfort, often linked to diet. Should growling come with bloating or pain, consulting a healthcare provider ascertains proper care. Simple adjustments, like fiber-rich foods or mindful eating, often bring relief.

Excessive Gas Production

Excessive gas production often turns stomach growling from a minor nuisance into a real discomfort. Whenever the gut microbiome imbalance occurs, harmful bacteria outnumber beneficial ones, leading to increased gas and digestive discomfort.

About 30% of people experience bloating due to excess gas, often prompted by certain foods or eating too rapidly. Fermentable fibers, dairy, and carbonated drinks can exacerbate the issue, creating loud gurgles and cramps.

Stress and poor digestion also play a role, slowing food breakdown and increasing gas buildup. Although occasional growling is normal, persistent noise paired with pain may signal deeper digestive troubles.

Drinking water, chewing slowly, and probiotics can help restore balance, easing discomfort. Recognizing these triggers empowers individuals to support their digestive health and reduce embarrassing or painful symptoms.

Underlying Medical Conditions

Stomach growling isn’t always just about gas or hunger—sometimes, it’s the body’s way of hinting at something deeper. Persistent noises can signal underlying conditions needing attention. For those serving others, recognizing these signs early can make a difference.

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Affects 10-15% of people, causing cramping and loud intestines.
  • Food Intolerances: Lactose or gluten sensitivity can trigger excessive gurgling.
  • Infections: Bacterial overgrowth or gastroenteritis disrupts digestion.
  • Stress Management: Anxiety worsens gut sounds; relaxation techniques help.
  • Dietary Changes: Smaller, frequent meals and avoiding triggers ease symptoms.

Addressing these issues often requires professional guidance. Simple adjustments, like mindful eating or reducing stress, can bring relief. When growling feels off, it’s worth listening—the body may be asking for help.

Foods That May Increase Intestinal Noise

While some foods keep digestion quiet, others can turn the stomach into a noisy orchestra. Certain dietary habits and meal timing choices can amplify intestinal sounds, making gurgling more noticeable.

High-fiber foods like beans, lentils, and whole grains often increase activity in the gut, leading to louder noises as they are broken down. Carbonated drinks introduce air into the digestive tract, creating bubbles that contribute to rumbling. Dairy products may also trigger noise in those with lactose intolerance, as undigested sugars ferment in the gut. Artificial sweeteners, found in sugar-free products, can have a similar effect by drawing water into the intestines.

Eating too quickly or skipping meals may exacerbate the issue, as an empty stomach or large meals force the digestive system to work harder. Comprehending these triggers helps in managing discomfort while maintaining a balanced diet.

Tips to Reduce Excessive Stomach Growling

Managing intestinal noise starts with comprehending what causes it, but simple adjustments can help keep things quieter. Stomach growling often results from digestion or hunger, but certain habits can minimize discomfort for those seeking relief.

Eat smaller, frequent meals—large portions stretch the stomach, increasing noise. About 30% of people report less growling with this method.

Try proper food combinations—pairing proteins with non-starchy veggies eases digestion.

Chew thoroughly—dismantling food early reduces gut workload.

Limit gas-producing foods—beans and carbonated drinks trigger louder sounds.

Consider digestive enzyme supplements—these help fragment tough foods like dairy or grains.

Staying hydrated and moving gently after meals also aids digestion. While growling is natural, these steps can make daily life more comfortable for those bothered by the noise. Simple changes often bring the best results.

John Harvey
John Harvey

John Harvey, M.D., M.P.H., is an Internal Medicine physician and professor of public health. His work focuses on improving healthcare quality and cost efficiency through policy-driven research. He holds both a Doctor of Medicine and a Master of Public Health, and completed advanced fellowship training in health policy and healthcare delivery.